Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate, usually associated with bacterial infection in dogs. It occurs most often in sexually intact males. Some dogs become acutely very ill; others develop repeated urinary infections with few obvious signs between episodes.
Acute and chronic symptoms differ
Acute prostatitis can cause fever, severe abdominal or pelvic pain, weakness, difficulty moving comfortably and signs of urinary illness. Severe cases may lead to dehydration, sepsis or shock and require hospitalization. Chronic prostatitis may be noticed because urinary tract infections return despite previous treatment.
How a veterinarian finds the cause
The examination may include blood tests, urinalysis, urine culture, prostate imaging and other assessment appropriate to the dog’s condition. A bacterial culture and susceptibility test help select an antibiotic that can reach the infected prostate. Not all antibiotics used for ordinary bladder infections penetrate prostatic tissue equally well.
Why treatment needs follow-through
Vets may prescribe a substantial course of antibiotic therapy and arrange repeat testing. Treating underlying benign prostatic enlargement can be essential; neutering or other management may be discussed depending on the dog and breeding plans. Abscesses and severe infection can require hospital care or procedures. Do not start a leftover antibiotic or stop a prescribed course early because signs improve.
When it is urgent
A dog with fever, marked pain, collapse, inability to urinate, vomiting or severe lethargy needs prompt in-person evaluation. Inability to pass urine or signs of shock require emergency care. Telehealth can help with follow-up questions but cannot replace culture, imaging or stabilization.
What owners can do
Record urinary symptoms, previous antibiotics, appetite and temperature if taken safely. Keep follow-up appointments and ask whether recurrent infections suggest a prostate problem. For a detailed medical discussion, see Merck Veterinary Manual: Prostatitis in Dogs.
General education, not a diagnosis or a prescription.
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.