Updated September 25, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: Diet is a key part of diabetes care, but the approach differs by species. Cats often benefit from a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, which can improve blood sugar control and, alongside insulin, helps some cats go into remission. Dogs need a consistent, complete diet fed in the same amounts at the same times, coordinated with insulin, often with moderate fiber. Any change should be discussed with your vet, since it can change insulin needs.
Cats
- Low-carbohydrate, high-protein diets, usually canned, are recommended by feline guidelines.
- Remission: some cats no longer need insulin after good early control with diet and insulin.
- Weight loss for overweight cats, done gradually.
- Warning: switching a cat on insulin to a low-carb diet can lower blood sugar suddenly. Your vet may reduce the insulin dose first.
Dogs
- Consistency: the same food, amount, and timing every day.
- Meals with insulin: usually two meals, with insulin given after eating.
- Moderate fiber diets can help some dogs. Your vet will advise.
- Lower-fat diets for dogs with pancreatitis or high blood fats.
Treats
- Choose low-sugar, low-fat treats.
- Keep treats consistent and small.
- Avoid sugary or semi-moist treats.
Picky eaters
If your pet won’t eat, call your vet before giving insulin. A pet that eats less than usual may need a lower dose.
More: diabetes in senior dogs and diabetes emergencies.
Sources
- Behrend E, et al. 2018 AAHA Diabetes Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2018
- Sparkes AH, et al. ISFM consensus guidelines on the practical management of diabetes mellitus in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2015
- Bennett N, et al. Comparison of a low carbohydrate-low fiber diet and a moderate carbohydrate-high fiber diet in the management of feline diabetes mellitus. J Feline Med Surg. 2006
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.