Updated September 25, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: Dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) do best on a prescription kidney diet, and the biggest dietary risks are foods high in phosphorus and salt, such as cheese, jerky, deli meats, bones, and organ meats. Grapes and raisins should always be avoided because they can cause kidney failure. Treats should be small, low in phosphorus and salt, and approved by your vet.
Why diet matters
Damaged kidneys struggle to clear phosphorus and waste products. High phosphorus speeds up kidney damage, and extra salt can raise blood pressure. A renal diet limits both while providing enough high-quality protein. In a controlled study, dogs with CKD fed a renal diet had fewer kidney crises and lived longer.
Foods to avoid or limit
High in phosphorus
- Cheese, milk, and yogurt
- Organ meats (liver, kidney)
- Bones, bone broth made with bones, and bone meal
- Jerky and dried meat treats
- Processed meats with phosphate additives
- Whole fish with bones, and sardines
- Large amounts of egg yolk
- Most regular dog treats and dental chews (check with your vet)
High in salt
- Deli meats, ham, bacon, hot dogs, and sausage
- Chips, crackers, pretzels, and other salty snacks
- Table scraps, gravies, and canned soups
- Pizza crusts and bread with salty toppings
Always avoid
- Grapes, raisins, and currants: can cause sudden kidney failure
- Xylitol (in sugar-free products): toxic to dogs
- Onions and garlic
- Supplements with vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus unless prescribed
- Large amounts of high-protein foods added to a renal diet, which undo its benefits
Kidney-friendly treat ideas
Ask your vet first, and keep treats under about 10% of daily calories. Options many vets allow:
- Small pieces of apple (no core or seeds)
- Green beans, carrots, or cucumber
- Blueberries or seedless watermelon (no rind)
- Pieces of your dog’s own renal diet, or prescription renal treats
Feeding tips
- Switch gradually to a renal diet over 1–2 weeks or longer.
- Treat nausea first: dogs that feel sick may refuse new food. Ask about anti-nausea medication.
- Warm canned food to make it more appealing.
- Keep fresh water available at all times.
- Homemade diets only from a board-certified veterinary nutritionist.
When to call your vet
Call if your dog stops eating, vomits repeatedly, loses weight, or becomes lethargic. A dog that refuses its renal diet still needs to eat. Your vet can suggest alternatives.
Frequently asked questions
Can dogs with kidney disease eat eggs?
Egg whites are low in phosphorus and are sometimes used in homemade renal recipes. Yolks are higher. Ask your vet.
Is a low-protein diet necessary?
Renal diets moderate protein and focus on quality, rather than cutting it severely. Your vet will tailor this to your dog’s stage.
Can my dog have peanut butter?
Small amounts of plain, unsalted, xylitol-free peanut butter may be OK for some dogs, but it’s high in phosphorus and fat. Check with your vet.
More on the condition: kidney disease in senior dogs.
Sources
- International Renal Interest Society (IRIS): Treatment recommendations for CKD in dogs
- Jacob F, et al. Clinical evaluation of dietary modification for treatment of spontaneous chronic renal failure in dogs. JAVMA. 2002
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Chronic kidney disease in small animals
- ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center: Grapes and raisins
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.