Updated September 25, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: Respiratory infections in dogs, often called “kennel cough,” usually start with a honking or hacking cough, sometimes with sneezing or nasal discharge, a few days after contact with other dogs. Many cases are mild and improve within 1–3 weeks. See a vet if your dog has fever, lethargy, poor appetite, fast or labored breathing, or thick discharge, which can signal pneumonia.
Early signs
- Dry, honking cough, sometimes ending in a gag
- Sneezing and nasal discharge
- Mild eye discharge
- Otherwise acting normal
Signs that need a vet
- Lethargy or not eating
- Fever
- Fast or labored breathing
- Thick yellow or green discharge
- A cough lasting more than 2–3 weeks
- Puppies, seniors, flat-faced breeds, or dogs with heart or lung disease
Home care for mild cases
- Rest and limit exercise
- Use a harness instead of a collar
- A humidifier or steamy bathroom
- Keep your dog away from other dogs for about 2 weeks
Treatment
Many mild cases don’t need antibiotics. Your vet may prescribe a cough suppressant, and antibiotics if bacterial infection or pneumonia is suspected.
What to avoid
- Human cough and cold medicines
- Dog parks, daycare, and boarding while contagious
Sources
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Canine infectious respiratory disease complex
- Lappin MR, et al. Antimicrobial use guidelines for treatment of respiratory tract disease in dogs and cats: ISCAID. J Vet Intern Med. 2017
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.