Updated September 25, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: A healthy coat starts with a complete, balanced diet that provides enough protein, essential fatty acids (like omega-3 and omega-6), zinc, and vitamins. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil can improve skin and coat in some pets. But a dull, flaky, or thinning coat can also signal problems like allergies, parasites, hypothyroidism, or other illnesses, so ongoing coat changes deserve a vet visit.
Nutrients for skin and coat
- Protein: hair is mostly protein
- Omega-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid): support the skin barrier and shine
- Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA): reduce skin inflammation
- Zinc, vitamin A, vitamin E, and B vitamins
Complete commercial diets provide these. Skin-support diets add extra fatty acids and nutrients.
Supplements
- Fish oil can help pets with dry or itchy skin
- Avoid adding zinc or vitamin A without your vet, since too much is harmful
When a dull coat means something else
- Fleas or mites
- Allergies
- Hypothyroidism in dogs
- Kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, or dental pain in cats (less grooming)
- Poor-quality or unbalanced homemade diets
Grooming helps too
- Regular brushing spreads natural oils
- Bathe with pet-appropriate shampoos
Sources
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Nutrition and the skin
- WSAVA Global Nutrition Committee: Guidelines on selecting pet foods
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Hypothyroidism in dogs
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.