Updated September 25, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: A “slipped disc,” or intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), happens when a disc between the vertebrae bulges or ruptures and presses on the spinal cord. It’s most common in short-legged breeds such as Dachshunds, French Bulldogs, Beagles, Shih Tzus, and Corgis. Signs range from back or neck pain to wobbly walking and paralysis. A dog that suddenly can’t walk needs an emergency vet the same day, as fast surgery can make a big difference. Milder cases often recover with strict crate rest and pain relief.
Signs
- Back or neck pain: hunched posture, crying out, reluctance to move, jump, or lower the head
- Trembling or panting from pain
- Wobbly or weak back legs, knuckling of the paws
- Dragging the back legs, or inability to stand
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
Emergency signs
Go to an emergency vet immediately if your dog can’t walk, is dragging its legs, or can’t urinate. The ability to feel deep pain in the toes is the most important factor in the outlook, and it’s best assessed quickly.
Diagnosis
- A neurological exam to locate the problem and grade severity
- X-rays to rule out other problems
- MRI or CT to see the disc and plan surgery
Treatment
Conservative (non-surgical) care
For dogs with pain or mild weakness who can still walk:
- Strict crate rest, commonly about 4 weeks, with only brief leash trips to go to the bathroom
- Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication as prescribed
- Muscle relaxants or nerve pain medication in some cases
- Close monitoring: get your dog rechecked promptly if signs worsen
Surgery
Recommended for dogs that can’t walk, have worsening signs, or keep having painful episodes. Surgery removes disc material pressing on the spinal cord. Dogs that still have deep pain sensation have a high chance of walking again after surgery. The chance is lower when deep pain sensation is lost, though some dogs still recover.
Recovery care at home
- Crate rest as directed, even if your dog seems better.
- Use a harness, never a neck collar, especially with neck disc disease.
- Support walking with a sling under the belly.
- Bladder care: some dogs need their bladder expressed. Your vet will show you how.
- Soft, clean bedding, turning non-walking dogs every few hours to prevent sores.
- Rehabilitation: physical therapy speeds recovery for many dogs.
Prevention
- Keep your dog lean.
- Use ramps and steps instead of jumping off furniture.
- Use a harness.
- Keep your dog fit with regular moderate exercise.
What to avoid
- Letting your dog run, jump, or use stairs during recovery.
- Human pain relievers: ibuprofen, naproxen, and acetaminophen can be dangerous.
- Combining NSAIDs and steroids, which raises the risk of stomach ulcers.
- Spinal manipulation during an acute disc episode.
- Waiting if your dog loses the ability to walk.
Frequently asked questions
Can a dog recover from IVDD without surgery?
Many dogs with mild signs do, with strict rest. Some have repeat episodes.
How long is IVDD recovery?
Conservative care usually means about 4 weeks of strict rest. After surgery, many dogs walk within a few weeks, though full recovery can take months.
Can IVDD come back?
Yes. Other discs can be affected later. Weight control and avoiding jumping help reduce risk.
Sources
- Olby NJ, et al. ACVIM consensus statement on diagnosis and management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion. J Vet Intern Med. 2022
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Intervertebral disc disease in dogs
- American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS): Intervertebral disc disease
- Langerhuus L, Miles J. Proportion recovery and times to ambulation for non-ambulatory dogs with thoracolumbar disc extrusions treated with hemilaminectomy or conservative treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet J. 2017
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.