Updated October 14, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
Quick answer: Diabetes in dogs is treated with insulin injections, usually twice daily, plus a consistent diet and regular monitoring. Oral diabetes drugs used in people generally don’t work for dogs. The first few weeks involve finding the right dose, which takes patience. Most dogs do well once stable, and owners quickly get comfortable with injections.
Insulin
- Veterinary insulins (such as porcine lente and protamine zinc insulin) and some human insulins are used.
- Given under the skin after meals, usually twice daily.
- Always use the syringe that matches the insulin’s concentration (U-40 or U-100), or an insulin pen.
Diet and routine
- Same food, same amounts, same times each day.
- Your vet may recommend a diet with moderate fiber, or a lower-fat diet for dogs with pancreatitis. See diets for diabetic pets.
- Consistent daily exercise.
Monitoring
- Blood glucose curves at the clinic or at home
- Continuous glucose monitors worn on the skin
- Fructosamine blood tests
- Daily notes on thirst, urination, appetite, and energy
Treating complicating conditions
- Spaying intact females
- Treating urinary infections, dental disease, pancreatitis, or Cushing’s disease, which can make diabetes harder to control
What to expect
Dose adjustments over the first 1–3 months are normal. Signs like excessive thirst usually improve as control improves. Most diabetic dogs develop cataracts, which can often be treated surgically.
More: diabetes emergencies.
Sources
- Behrend E, et al. 2018 AAHA Diabetes Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2018
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.