Updated October 31, 2026. Fact-checked against veterinary sources; review by a licensed veterinarian is in progress. See our editorial policy.
An older dog’s bloodwork may show elevated liver enzymes even when the dog seems happy and active. That result deserves interpretation, but it does not by itself diagnose liver failure. Enzyme values indicate changes or irritation in tissues; they aren’t the same as tests of how well the liver performs all its jobs.
Why liver results change as dogs age
Older dogs can develop benign nodular changes in the liver, medication-associated enzyme elevations, gallbladder disease, chronic hepatitis, hormone-related conditions or tumors. More than one process can be present. A single abnormal test seldom tells the whole story, and it can be misleading to assume a high enzyme number automatically means a poor prognosis.
What the veterinarian looks at next
The history matters: weight loss, vomiting, appetite changes, increased thirst, medications and supplements can help guide testing. Your vet may repeat bloodwork, assess bilirubin and albumin, consider bile acids when appropriate, or recommend abdominal ultrasound. Occasionally a tissue sample is needed to distinguish diseases with very similar blood results.
Which signs are more concerning?
Promptly contact the clinic for yellow eyes or gums, persistent vomiting, unexplained weight loss, abdominal swelling or changes in behavior. Seizures, collapse, severe confusion, breathing distress or unusual bleeding require emergency care. Do not assume these signs are “just old age.”
Supporting a senior dog while testing continues
Maintain a complete, palatable diet and an appropriate body condition. Give only medications recommended for that dog, and let your veterinarian know about over-the-counter products. Some senior dogs need monitoring rather than immediate treatment; others benefit from early intervention. The diagnosis and the dog’s overall health determine the plan.
For practical home care after a diagnosis, see caring for a dog with liver disease.
Veterinary references
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.