Dogs with liver disease can show vague early changes such as reduced appetite or tiredness, so owners may not realize the liver is involved. More serious signs—including yellowing of the eyes, unusual behavior and persistent vomiting—need rapid veterinary evaluation.
Symptoms worth investigating
Weight loss, low appetite, recurring vomiting, diarrhea, increased thirst and abdominal swelling can accompany liver problems. Jaundice makes the skin, gums or whites of the eyes look yellow. These changes have other potential causes too, and only veterinary testing can explain them.
Neurologic symptoms are especially concerning
Some dogs with severe liver dysfunction develop hepatic encephalopathy, a condition in which problems clearing toxins affect the brain. Disorientation, staggering, abnormal behavior and seizures require prompt assessment. Collapse, seizures, trouble breathing or severe weakness warrants emergency care.
What the veterinarian may test
Blood chemistry, complete blood count, bile acids, clotting function, urinalysis or abdominal ultrasound may be considered depending on the case. Liver enzyme elevations do not always mean the organ is failing; they need interpretation with history and other findings.
Do not reach for liver remedies
A special diet, medication or procedure may be appropriate for the specific diagnosis. Human medications, herbal supplements and generic “liver detoxes” can worsen some conditions. Call your clinic before adding products or changing prescription doses. Learn about sudden liver illness and long-term management.
Veterinary sources
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Liver Disease in Dogs
- American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine: Consensus statements
Education only. A dog with collapse, seizures, severe vomiting or marked jaundice needs urgent veterinary care.
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for care from your own veterinarian. Learn about The Pet Vet and our editorial policy.