Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is an inherited condition that affects how red blood cells obtain energy. In an affected cat, red blood cells may be destroyed earlier than expected, causing hemolytic anemia. Bengal cats are among the breeds for which a known genetic variant can be tested.
How inheritance works
The condition is autosomal recessive. Cats with one copy of the variant are generally carriers rather than affected by PK deficiency; a cat with two disease-associated copies is at risk of the condition. A test can identify whether a cat carries the specific variant being screened, which is particularly useful in breeding decisions.
What owners might notice
Anemia can cause unusual tiredness, reduced stamina, pale gums, weight loss, jaundice or changes in appetite. Signs can fluctuate, and their absence does not eliminate the value of genetic screening for an at-risk breed. A cat with trouble breathing, collapse or severe weakness needs emergency care.
Testing and care
A DNA test can identify the inherited variant, while a physical examination and blood tests assess whether anemia is present and how severe it is. Other conditions can also cause anemia; a positive carrier result does not prove anemia is due to PK deficiency. A veterinarian can discuss supportive treatment and monitoring for affected cats.
Breeding considerations
Genetic results can guide responsible pairing decisions so that two carriers are not bred together. Ask for clear interpretation of “normal,” “carrier” and “affected” results from the testing laboratory rather than relying on breed reputation.
Reference: UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory: Feline PK Deficiency.
Educational only; testing and diagnosis should be interpreted by veterinary professionals.
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